支招小作文（59） | 線圖3：過(guò)去到將來(lái)的時(shí)態(tài)變化和比較！

數(shù)據(jù)圖：線圖

主要描述變化

可能描述比較

時(shí)間：從過(guò)去到將來(lái)

注意：圖中的時(shí)間軸是從過(guò)去到將來(lái)，強(qiáng)烈提醒對(duì)于“現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)”的使用。

# Introduction

第 一句話說(shuō)明圖的大意：In the graph are four lines that respectively depict four country’s urban population counted in percentage terms since 1970 and the projected percentages till 2030. 

劃線的部分是倒裝現(xiàn)象，然后對(duì)four lines進(jìn)行定語(yǔ)從句修飾，可以干脆背下來(lái)當(dāng)套話用（這里的倒裝的實(shí)用目的是讓four lines在主句的最后面從而方便承接后面的長(zhǎng)度可觀的定語(yǔ)從句）?？刹豢梢栽陂_(kāi)頭段落里沒(méi)有對(duì)于圖的總述？可以。但是，那就必須要有結(jié)尾段落去對(duì)圖的宏觀特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行陳述。

# Body

In 1970, the respective numbers, in descending order, were America’s 60%, India’s 40% and 20% in both the UK and South Korea. Since then, there has been apparent growth in all the four countries. 

第 一句“羅列法”是個(gè)快速省勁的辦法，尤其適合老章的思路：先把四個(gè)起點(diǎn)介紹了，畢竟起點(diǎn)數(shù)值是重要信息。這也可以為接下來(lái)正好用“現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)”創(chuàng)造語(yǔ)境。

India, with the percentage ascending by 30 points, and South Korea, whose percentage has increased twofold, have seen the most marked growth. By contrast, America’s 20% increase and the UK’s 15% increase are comparatively moderate. Other three things during the years are also notable: first, South Korea has taken the UK’s initial third place since 1990; second, India has been approaching the US; third, however fast India’s growth has been, the leading country has always been the US.

第 一句話寫(xiě)印度和韓國(guó)，因?yàn)檫@兩個(gè)國(guó)家的增長(zhǎng)更顯著。并且一句話了事。尤其注意：India那里的狀語(yǔ)修飾，和South Korea那里的定語(yǔ)修飾 第二句話寫(xiě)美國(guó)和英國(guó)。句子之間用by contrast建立聯(lián)系，那么就兼顧了【變化】和【比較】。老章的這個(gè)寫(xiě)法是很妙的，徹底擺脫了線形的束縛和思維定式。第三句話的寫(xiě)法其實(shí)不難，就是學(xué)會(huì)冒號(hào)的用法（前一句以冒號(hào)結(jié)尾，那么冒號(hào)后的內(nèi)容就是去講前一句的具體情況）和分號(hào)的用法（關(guān)系密切的三個(gè)分句放在同一個(gè)句子里）。這是老章慣用的句法。每個(gè)分句都很簡(jiǎn)單，但是句子就是不停，把讀者的注意力控住。同時(shí)要注意第三個(gè)分句時(shí)，句子主語(yǔ)變了（不就是主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)顛倒一下嘛），以及however在句中的意思是“不管怎樣”。總之，這一段的學(xué)習(xí)點(diǎn)包括：寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容取舍；信息的組織方式；黃色高亮部分的形容詞、動(dòng)詞、副詞；語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)象和句型。

In the future, except in South Korea, greater portions of urban dwellers are expected in those countries by 2030, whereas the current rankings may not change.

這一段注意：1、對(duì)于預(yù)測(cè)得出的信息，動(dòng)詞不要帶有肯定語(yǔ)氣。2、by+時(shí)間，意思是“到什么時(shí)候”。3、黃色高亮的詞匯肯定要學(xué)會(huì)。4、用except時(shí)，要注意邏輯一致。

# Conclusion

Overall, although the growth has been universal in those countries, it has shown pattens that vary.

因?yàn)殚_(kāi)頭段落沒(méi)有對(duì)于圖的總述，那么，必須要有結(jié)尾段落，去對(duì)圖的宏觀特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行陳述。