小作文
在季度的考試中,柱圖和表格最為高頻(各四場(chǎng)),餅圖兩場(chǎng),流程圖和地圖各一場(chǎng)。
在這些題中,多數(shù)柱圖和表格對(duì)象數(shù)據(jù)多,較為復(fù)雜,故考生需要在練習(xí)以及看范文的時(shí)候著重關(guān)注數(shù)據(jù)是如何進(jìn)行分組以及如何被選取。但也有特殊情況出現(xiàn),如3月14日的表格只有一列幾個(gè)數(shù)據(jù),因此有些考生可能感覺(jué)數(shù)據(jù)太少,寫不出來(lái)太多的內(nèi)容,所以不僅需要練習(xí)復(fù)雜的圖,數(shù)據(jù)少的圖也需要練習(xí)到(此類圖可參看劍橋4 TEST1 TASK1以及范文)。
在高頻題中,表格圖因?yàn)椴粔蛑庇^,而且往往數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)象較多,導(dǎo)致考生難以抓住重點(diǎn)信息從而導(dǎo)致單純地羅列數(shù)據(jù)。如遇無(wú)時(shí)間的表格,會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)能用的表達(dá)只有比較類的語(yǔ)言,不像含時(shí)間圖的表達(dá)多樣。所以建議多看多抄寫多分析數(shù)據(jù)較多的表格題體會(huì)其數(shù)據(jù)分組和數(shù)據(jù)報(bào)告的思路,以及積累相關(guān)的表達(dá)。
雖然流程圖和地圖的考察較為低頻,但也需要進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的復(fù)習(xí),最近的3月23日考試是今年次考察流程圖,而且是一個(gè)15年的舊題重考,因此對(duì)于已考過(guò)的流程圖真題也要重視起來(lái),在備考過(guò)程中,多積累動(dòng)詞尤為重要。
小作文備考建議:
1. 不要僅僅滿足于寫簡(jiǎn)單的線圖。
2. 柱圖歷年來(lái)都是考察量的圖形,需重點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)。
3. 要擅于觀察圖表的主要特征,真正做到考試要求,多花時(shí)間體會(huì)什么樣的分組方式能夠簡(jiǎn)潔明了且完成題目的要求。
4. 要熟練掌握變化和比較描述的表達(dá)方式,確保語(yǔ)言靈活多樣。
5. 考前需要將6種圖表至少各練習(xí)一篇。
6. 認(rèn)真研讀考官范文,分析考官的數(shù)據(jù)分組和選取的邏輯,總結(jié)同義替換,模仿表達(dá)。
大作文
季度真題題目匯總
2019.1.5
Some people argue that the fittest and strongest individuals and teams can achieve the greatest success in sports. But other people think the success is much related to the mental attitude. Discuss both views and give your opinion.
2019.1.12 [同2016.4.16]
When new town is planned, it is more important to develop public parks and sports facilities than shopping centers for people to spend their free time in. Do you agree or disagree?
2019.1.17
In some countries, people waste a lot of food which is bought in shops and restaurants. What do you think are the reasons? What can be done to solve this problem?
2019.1.19 [同2018.3.24]
Although more and more people read news on the Internet, newspaper will remain the most important source of news. Do you agree or disagree?
2019.1.26
Some people believe that women should play an equal role as man in a country’s police force or military police, while others think women are not suitable for these kinds of jobs. Discuss both views and give your opinion.
2019.2.14
New technologies have changed the way children spend their free time. Do you think the advantages outweigh the disadvantages?
2019.2.16
Nowadays, children spend too much time watching TV and playing computer games. Some people believe that this has negative effects on children’s mental abilities. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
2019.2.23 [同2015.1.31]
Some people hold that we should spend amount of time and money on the protection of wild animals. Some people argue that they should be spent on human populations. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
2019.3.9
As part of education, students should spend a period of time studying and living in a different country to learn its language and culture. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
2019.3.14
Newspapers have an enormous influence on people’s opinions. Why is it the case? Do you think it is a positive or negative situation?
2019.3.23
Once children start school, teachers have more influence than parents on their intellectual and social development. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
考試也結(jié)束了2019年的季度考試。在新一季的考試中,大作文在保持原有出題風(fēng)格的基礎(chǔ)上又進(jìn)行了一些新的變化。
主題&題型變化:
往年的考試中社會(huì)類題目就是主導(dǎo)話題,今年一如既往保持領(lǐng)先。但是一度快過(guò)時(shí)的教育類話題強(qiáng)勢(shì)回歸,并且加強(qiáng)了提問(wèn)難度,比如2.16的題目中問(wèn)到了對(duì)mental產(chǎn)生的影響,一度讓同學(xué)們措手不及。此外媒體類話題的頻率也在提高,今年的題型著重了細(xì)節(jié)的審題,增加了偏題的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和難度。題型上來(lái)看,不出意外還是偏重于觀點(diǎn)類題型的考察,同學(xué)們要著重注意觀點(diǎn)的分析和邏輯思維。
易出錯(cuò)點(diǎn)及難點(diǎn):
隨著每年雅思考生的增加,雅思題的難度也在不斷走高。這一季度的題目對(duì)于大家的單詞積累也是一個(gè)考驗(yàn),很多同學(xué)經(jīng)常會(huì)出現(xiàn)讀不懂題目的狀況。經(jīng)常容易誤認(rèn)為是詞匯語(yǔ)法的問(wèn)題,其實(shí)最后會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)是審題出現(xiàn)了偏差,尤其是在雅思出題越來(lái)越精細(xì)的情況下。其實(shí)不是題目變了,而是考察的范圍變了,所以不僅需要認(rèn)真的審題,同時(shí)還需要切題的論點(diǎn)和依據(jù)。
應(yīng)對(duì)策略與技巧:
1. 認(rèn)真讀題審題:
以1.19的真題為例,看似簡(jiǎn)單,不就是報(bào)紙和在線新聞的比較嘛!然后給出了很多思路比如:online news省錢/環(huán)境友好。殊不知這些都是錯(cuò)誤思路,甚至是偏題的答案。
Although more and more people read news on the Internet, newspaper will remain the most important source of news. Do you agree or disagree?
讓我們?cè)俸煤每匆槐轭}目,當(dāng)中出現(xiàn)了一個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞組the most important source of news,從這一角度細(xì)想你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn),這個(gè)題目不是單純地比較優(yōu)劣,而是有限定的,因此剛剛的兩個(gè)思路就偏離了主題。這個(gè)題目的一些正確思路有:online news形式多樣有利于新聞閱讀/有評(píng)論區(qū)可以提供討論è這兩點(diǎn)才是論述它可以成為主要的新聞來(lái)源的原因。
因此,在備考雅思的時(shí)候,同學(xué)們一定要養(yǎng)成仔細(xì)讀題的習(xí)慣,必要的時(shí)候要像其他科目一樣養(yǎng)成劃關(guān)鍵詞的習(xí)慣,可以很好避免遺漏重要信息點(diǎn)的狀況。
2. 仔細(xì)揣摩邏輯:
聽(tīng)說(shuō)讀寫四項(xiàng)中,大作文相對(duì)于其他幾門來(lái)說(shuō)提分和沖擊高分的難度都不低,原因就在于寫作邏輯上的差異。很多同學(xué)受母語(yǔ)的影響,習(xí)慣事無(wú)巨細(xì)地進(jìn)行寫作,尤其是分析段,經(jīng)常一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的道理用大量的重復(fù)信息堆砌。然而,這正好是雅思寫作的禁忌。西方的寫作方式,更側(cè)重于邏輯思維的遞進(jìn)和梳理,因此在寫作中關(guān)注邏輯展開(kāi)是一個(gè)必須掌握的技巧。
參考1.5的題目,很多同學(xué)在進(jìn)行第二個(gè)觀點(diǎn)的寫作時(shí),不知道如何去陳述心理因素對(duì)于競(jìng)技比賽的影響,容易想到用例子來(lái)進(jìn)行說(shuō)明甚至?xí)靡恍┘傧氲睦蛹右躁愂?,但是很多情況下例子在寫作中不能變成主體或者取代主體。那么,應(yīng)該做到什么步驟才叫好的寫作呢?
參照新航道曾經(jīng)給大家展示的范文:
A good mentality also has the body at its command. è 【短語(yǔ)at its command將題目的兩個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞產(chǎn)生了邏輯聯(lián)系】 When an athlete makes an advantageous movement, è【泛指例子有利于說(shuō)理】 it is not the muscles but the mind that desires a win. In other words, muscles follow the dictates of the mind. è【運(yùn)用連接詞進(jìn)行細(xì)節(jié)論證】Therefore, è【總結(jié)收尾,回歸主題】 an athlete cannot make proper moves unless his or her mentality is in the proper state, and a game would be lost as a result otherwise.
通過(guò)這一段落分析,同學(xué)們應(yīng)該會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn),寫作的核心要義是邏輯的起承轉(zhuǎn)合,而理清邏輯就變得很重要,尤其是要熟練掌握總-分-總的論述結(jié)構(gòu)。
3. 適當(dāng)嵌入詞匯:
很多同學(xué)在學(xué)雅思的時(shí)候經(jīng)常會(huì)有一個(gè)難點(diǎn)是:明明背過(guò)很多單詞,但是一到寫作就一個(gè)都想不起來(lái)。亦或者,有的時(shí)候背了一堆單詞卻不知道如何使用。其實(shí)所有的單詞都是基于句子的構(gòu)造來(lái)進(jìn)行使用的。比如上文說(shuō)到寫作中要學(xué)會(huì)總結(jié)自己的論點(diǎn),也就是generalization,而這一處就是大家可以使用單詞,尤其是概括性詞匯的地方。
參考1.19的范文:
Before newspapers are completely replaced, many readers who like the feel of papers and ink find it difficult familiarizing themselves with the palm-sized screen. In addition, they are skeptical about the professionalism è[比起一般能想到的reliable、trustful語(yǔ)義更準(zhǔn)確] 【而這個(gè)詞作為一個(gè)名詞化的大詞,在文章寫作中應(yīng)該適當(dāng)插入進(jìn)一步的邏輯解釋?!縪f online news agencies. In other words, è【邏輯連接,把上一句話沒(méi)有說(shuō)到最清楚的內(nèi)容說(shuō)清楚】they may often find the reporting dubious, since news media are notorious for fabricating stories. [詞匯:關(guān)鍵的得分點(diǎn)是表“正/負(fù)評(píng)價(jià)”的形容詞和動(dòng)詞] For these reasons, at present, people still prefer being informed by traditional newspapers. è【文中的兩個(gè)形容詞用四兩撥千斤的技巧讓段落的中心立意一躍而出,因?yàn)楸旧淼呢?fù)面評(píng)價(jià)意義,給online news增加了不足和缺點(diǎn),反向突出了newspaper的優(yōu)點(diǎn)】
所以同學(xué)們?cè)趯懽鞯臅r(shí)候一定要注意積累單詞的信息量,而不是數(shù)量。那么那些單詞需要多加注意呢?其一是抽象動(dòng)詞,即無(wú)法做出動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞。其二是這些動(dòng)詞的衍生詞。其三是便是正負(fù)評(píng)價(jià)的形容詞。這三類單詞對(duì)于寫作的提升是比較重要的。
雅思寫作考試雖然在不斷變化,但是給大家了一個(gè)明確的信息是只要把握好題目方向確定好思路邏輯和單詞句法,想得到一個(gè)理想的分?jǐn)?shù)并不是一件難事。相反,看了今天的攻略你就掌握了考試的必備秘笈,那么春天來(lái)了,高分還會(huì)遠(yuǎn)嗎?
本文團(tuán)隊(duì)
王琳
新航道南京學(xué)校寫作團(tuán)隊(duì)。香港城市大學(xué)TESOL碩士。英語(yǔ)專業(yè)出身。劍橋商務(wù)英語(yǔ)證書(shū)擁有者。從事專業(yè)教學(xué)三年, 對(duì)雅思托福類語(yǔ)言考試有嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)慕虒W(xué)思路和豐富的教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn),獨(dú)創(chuàng)的“平行作文法”能夠激發(fā)學(xué)生寫作欲望、突破寫作低分瓶頸。
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